The mammalian brain mediates emotion, attachment motivation, and memory and is governed by the limbic system, which lies over the reptilian brain. The reptilian brain is the oldest and controls arousal and drives and is responsible for basic threat defenses and ranking in the group. MacLean (1990) developed the idea of the evolved triune brain that demonstrates the central position of care-related motivations in our psychology. Compassion may manifest in thoughts, an emotional state, bodily experiences, and behavioral impulses. Such survival is linked to compassionate behavior that evolved to enhance cooperation, which protects others within a social network ( Goetz, Keltner, & Simon-Thomas, 2010). Humans are social animals with evolved systems of attachment and social behaviors which enhance our survival ( Cortina & Liotti, 2010). It is generated from a sensitivity to suffering and a motivation to do something active to help that suffering ( Dalai Lama, 2005). This article outlines the potential benefit of a compassionate focus in the processing phases of EMDR to address self-critical blocks, giving clinical examples in tables to illustrate the process and language.Ĭompassion is a felt experience relating to sympathy that motivates people toward need or distress and is demonstrated by care-giving behaviors (Gilbert, 2009, 2010). The primary task of the CF-EMDR therapist would therefore be to facilitate a warm and wise relationship to the problems that brought the person to EMDR.
A structured compassion-focused EMDR (CF-EMDR) seems likely to be particularly useful for therapists wishing to pay positive attention to strengths and well-being. Hence, a compassionate focus could potentially prove valuable in eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), particularly where shame or attachment trauma is involved or for those traumas that have impacted on the structure of the self, for example, dissociation. This system links attachment experiences with emotion regulation capacities, with integrative capacities of the mind and also with the interplay between different motivational systems, which are played out in multiple self-states ( Cortina & Liotti, 2010 Cozolino, 2010 Gilbert, 2009 Liotti & Gilbert, 2011). Compassion-focused therapy was developed to enhance physiological systems related to well-being, safeness, and connectedness in people where shame and self-criticism inhibited progress in therapy ( Gilbert, 2000 Gilbert & Irons, 2005).
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